mineral review sheet

notes:

mohs hardness scale:based on the ability of one natural sample of matter to scratch another.the samples used by this scale are all minerals. The scale goes from 1-10 , 1 is the softes and 10 on this scale is the hardest.
2.1. matter : anything that is considered to have mass and volume.
                       -elements
                       -atoms wich are units of matter that consist of a dense centeral surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
                        -isotopes share the same number of protons but not the same #  neutrons.
                        -compounds are combination of two or more elements.
                        -bondings such as:
                                >ionic bonds which transfer
                                >covalent bonds wich share electrons
                                >metallic bonds creating metals.
2.2. minerals: natrually occuring substances
                       -5 descriptions of a mineral
                               >solid >inorganic >naturally orcurring
                               >definate chemical composition
                               >definate crystalline structure
                      -4 procceses
                                >crystalization ,presipitaion , hydrothermal
                       -common mineral groups
                               >silicons , sulfates , oxides , carbonates , and halides
2.3 properties of minerals
                     -color , streak , luster , crystal form , hardness , cleavage or fracture and density .

                     -density = m/v